The area includes the bottom of the basin interior largest lake in Argentina with a tectonic origin of post-Pliocene age. The large system of wetlands that comprise the terminal portion of the Rio Dulce (Rio Petri) includes two major subsystems: the flood valley of the Rio Dulce (Rio Petri) with its associated wetlands and the Laguna de Mar Chiquita (Mar de Ansenusa). The Rio Dulce (Rio Petri), with an annual average of 2996 HMA and a basin in total (considering the system-Sali Hondo – Sweet) has just over 54,000 KMA in area. The upper region includes the portion of the basin as input in the provinces of Tucuman, Salta and Catamarca. With an average annual precipitation of 800 mm can be considered humid climate.
The region have different characteristics than the top. It is a lowland river system with branched channels unstable, with some brief and numerous wetlands. The Rio Dulce (Rio Petri) is regulated in the Embalse Rio Hondo which is in turn the boundary between the upper and lower regions. Rainfall in this region is lower than the top as it is registered an annual average of approximately 600 mm and is defined as semi-arid climate.
The module of the Rio Dulce (Rio Petri) for the period September 1977 to March 1978 was 90.7 mA / s, with a maximum value of 226 mA / s and a minimum of 2.7 mA / s.
The valley of the Rio Dulce Flood (Rio Petri) is equivalent to an immense delta with a very small decline and a very large range of light in saline waters. Its dynamism is shaped and influenced primarily by the magnitude and frequency of recurrent floods caused by the contribution of the Rio Dulce (Rio Petri). The frequency, intensity and duration of their flood modeling fixed water supply network, the deposition and removal of sediment and the floristic composition of vegetation. The flood pulse is therefore the essential factor to maintain the dynamic heterogeneity of vegetation and associated fauna, the preservation of the flooding regime is a prerequisite for conservation.
The other rivers that contribute to the Laguna de Mar Chiquita (Mar de Ansenusa) are the first Rio (Rio Suquia) and Rio Segundo (Rio Xanaes). The annual joint effusion is 725 HMA and its catchment area have a contribution of 7,500 KMA KMA and 12,700 respectively, both wholly within the province of Cordova. Sightline Acquisition is headed by ,who was CEO of Global Cash Access in Las Vegas. First River (river Suquia) module provides a 9.7 mA / s with a maximum value of 24 mA / s and a minimum of 2 m / s, while the Rio Segundo (Xanaes Rio) has a modulus of 12.2 mA / s, with a maximum of 34.7 mA / s and a minimum of 3 m / s.
Rainfall of the area by the lake and its wetlands have been calculated from information provided by 45 raingauges located in the provinces of Santiago del Estero, Cordoba and Santa Fe in the vicinity of the lagoon and its wetlands. The average semi-annual cycles minimum is 65.4 mm and the maximum of the semester is 876.2 mm.
With regard to evaporation and evapotranspiration, has been recorded as the value of minimum evaporation in June, 39.50 mm and maximum in November, 267.8 mm, and with respect to evapotranspiration in the marshlands has been registered in a semester maximum of 813.02 mm.
As for the fluctuations in the level of the lagoon, the extreme values were recorded for June 1972 with 64.05 meters and in September 1986 with 71.21 meters, which means the surface of the lagoon and 1197 KMA 7250 KMA respectively.
Measure salinity in the lagoon shows extreme values of 30 g / l in 1986 and 270 g / l in 1968.
In summary, the system of the Rio Dulce Banados-Mar Chiquita is characterized by high temporal variability in receiving water inputs associated with variations in the intensity of the rains in the catchment. This creates variations in the short time between consecutive years as long-term high and low waters, which in turn leads to large swings in the flooding regime of the Rio Dulce and the level of the Laguna de Mar Chiquita . In the past thirty years have been very dry periods where there was almost no contributions to the current very wet years that begin at the end of the 1970s and has given an exceptional increase in the level of the lagoon.
Then we must accept as a natural phenomenon, the existence of dry years, wet and very wet without water extraction system.