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History
Main article: History of Los Angeles
The coast of Los Angeles was originally inhabited by the Tongva (or gabrieleños), Chumash and other Amerindians oldest for many years. The first Europeans arrived in the area in 1542, led by Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo, an explorer lusoespañol that claimed the area as a city of God on behalf of the Spanish Empire, but continued its journey without settling in the place. [4] The next contact would occur 227 years later when Gaspar de Portolá, next to the Franciscan missionary John Crespi, arrived at the place where he is actually the city, August 2, 1769. Crespi noted that the site had great potential as a place of settlement. [5]
Olvera Street.
In 1771, the Franciscan friar Junipero Serra built the Mission San Gabriel Archangel near Whittier Narrows, what is now known as San Gabriel Valley. [6] In 1777, the new governor of California, Felipe de Neve, recommended that the viceroy New Spain that the site previously recommended by John Crespi was appointed people. The city was founded on September 4, 1781 by a group of 44 people, under the name "The Town of Our Lady Queen of Angeles del Rio de Portiuncula." [7] The founders were of indigenous origin and Spanish, two-thirds of these were mixed race or mulattoes; most were African descent. [8] was maintained as a ranch for decades, but in 1820 the population had risen to 650 people. [9] The oldest remains of the city are preserved as historical monument in the so-called Olvera Street, the oldest part of town. [10]
New Spain won its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, and the people became part of Mexico. The Mexican sovereignty ended with the American intervention in Mexico, where the Americans managed to beat the Californians after a series of battles, which culminated in the signing of the Treaty of Cahuenga on January 13, 1847. Subsequently, with the Treaty of Guadeloupe Hidalgo in 1848, the Mexican government formally ceded Alta California and other territories to the United States.
Railways arrived in the city where the company Southern Pacific Railroad completed its line to Los Angeles in 1876. [11] The oil was discovered in 1892 and 1923 the city was producing a quarter of global oil. [12] For 1900, the population reached 100,000, [13] which began to put pressure on water reserves in the city. [14] The construction of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913 under the supervision of William Mulholland said the city's growth. In 1915, he began the annexation of dozens of neighboring communities, which could not procure water on their own.
During the 1920's, the industries of film and aviation arrived in the city. In 1932, with a population exceeding one million inhabitants, [15] the city hosted the Olympic Games. During this period also came several exiles from Europe, mainly due to the existing social and political tension during those years preguerra; some characters who arrived during this period were Thomas Mann, Fritz Lang, Bertolt Brecht, Arnold Schoenberg and Lion Feuchtwanger.
The Second World War led growth and economic prosperity of the city, although many residents of Japanese origin were confined to concentration camps while the war lasted. Following the conclusion of the same, the city experienced great growth and expansion into the San Fernando Valley. [16]
Like elsewhere in the United States during the decades of 1960 and 1970, the city lived interracial conflicts, the riots in Watts in 1965, the Chicano student strike in 1968, and the Chicano Moratorium of 1970 are some examples of disputes Race that took place in the city. In 1969 he became one of the places of origin of the Internet, when the first transmission of ARPANET was sent from UCLA to SRI International in Menlo Park. [17]
In 1984, the city hosted for the second time in the Olympic Games. In the 1980's, the city was badly affected by the increase in gang wars, mainly due to the emergence of crack and police corruption.
The racial tensions appear again during the 1990's dispute with the Rodney King riots and large-scale followed. In 1994, the city was hit by the earthquake in Northridge, causing 72 deaths. [18] Also, the same year, OJ Simpson starred in a chase by police after being accused for the murder of his ex-wife and a friend.
Despite proposals by the San Fernando Valley and Hollywood to secede from the city in 2002, residents did not approve secession. [19] The decade of 2000 has seen growth in urban development and urban segregation of Several parts of the city, stressing Echo Park and downtown Los Angeles. [20]

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